Computed Radiography ImageCIOD
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Grayscale Softcopy Presentation StateCIOD
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Basic Structured DisplayCIOD
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Basic Voice Audio WaveformCIOD
12-Lead ECGCIOD
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Respiratory WaveformCIOD
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Key Object Selection DocumentCIOD
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Rendition Selection DocumentCIOD
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Ophthalmic Photography 8 Bit ImageCIOD
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SegmentationCIOD
PatientMModule - Patient
Clinical Trial SubjectUModule - Patient
General StudyMModule - Study
Patient StudyUModule - Study
Clinical Trial StudyUModule - Study
General SeriesMModule - Series
Segmentation SeriesMModule - Series
Clinical Trial SeriesUModule - Series
Frame of ReferenceCModule - Frame of Reference
General EquipmentMModule - Equipment
Enhanced General EquipmentMModule - Equipment
General AcquisitionUModule - Acquisition
Multi-Resolution PyramidUModule - Multi-Resolution Pyramid
General ImageMModule - Image
General ReferenceUModule - Image
Microscope Slide Layer Tile OrganizationCModule - Image
Image PixelMModule - Image
Segmentation ImageMModule - Image
Multi-frame Functional GroupsMModule - Image
(0008,0023) Content Date1Date
(0008,0033) Content Time1Time
(0020,0013) Instance Number1Integer String
(0020,0242) SOP Instance UID of Concatenation Source1CUnique Identifier
(0020,9161) Concatenation UID1CUnique Identifier
(0020,9162) In-concatenation Number1CUnsigned Short
(0020,9163) In-concatenation Total Number3Unsigned Short
(0020,9228) Concatenation Frame Offset Number1CUnsigned Long
(0022,0028) Stereo Pairs Present3Code String
(0028,0008) Number of Frames1Integer String
(0028,6010) Representative Frame Number3Unsigned Short
(5200,9229) Shared Functional Groups Sequence1Sequence
(0008,9124) Derivation Image Sequence2Sequence
(0020,9111) Frame Content Sequence1Sequence
(0020,9113) Plane Position Sequence1Sequence
(0020,0032) Image Position (Patient)1CDecimal String
(0020,9116) Plane Orientation Sequence1Sequence
(0028,9110) Pixel Measures Sequence1Sequence
(0048,021A) Plane Position (Slide) Sequence1Sequence
(0062,000A) Segment Identification Sequence1Sequence
(5200,9230) Per-Frame Functional Groups Sequence1CSequence
(7FE0,0003) Encapsulated Pixel Data Value Total Length3UV
Multi-frame DimensionMModule - Image
SpecimenUModule - Image
Common Instance ReferenceCModule - Image
SOP CommonMModule - Image
Frame ExtractionCModule - Image
Ophthalmic Tomography ImageCIOD
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Lensometry MeasurementsCIOD
Autorefraction MeasurementsCIOD
Keratometry MeasurementsCIOD
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Ophthalmic Axial MeasurementsCIOD
Intraocular Lens CalculationsCIOD
Generic Implant TemplateCIOD
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RT Beams Delivery InstructionCIOD
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Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography ImageCIOD
Ophthalmic Thickness MapCIOD
Surface Scan MeshCIOD
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Legacy Converted Enhanced CT ImageCIOD
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Corneal Topography MapCIOD
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Parametric MapCIOD
Wide Field Ophthalmic Photography Stereographic Projection ImageCIOD
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Tractography ResultsCIOD
RT Brachy Application Setup Delivery InstructionCIOD
Planar MPR Volumetric Presentation StateCIOD
Volume Rendering Volumetric Presentation StateCIOD
Content Assessment ResultsCIOD
CT Performed Procedure ProtocolCIOD
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Protocol ApprovalCIOD
XA Performed Procedure ProtocolCIOD
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Ophthalmic Optical Coherence Tomography En Face ImageCIOD
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Encapsulated STLCIOD
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RT Physician IntentCIOD
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RT Radiation SetCIOD
C-Arm Photon-Electron RadiationCIOD
Tomotherapeutic RadiationCIOD
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RT Radiation Record SetCIOD
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Tomotherapeutic Radiation RecordCIOD
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RT Radiation Set Delivery InstructionCIOD
RT Treatment PreparationCIOD
Enhanced RT ImageCIOD
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RT Patient Position Acquisition InstructionCIOD
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InventoryCIOD
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Confocal Microscopy ImageCIOD
Confocal Microscopy Tiled Pyramidal ImageCIOD
Basic DirectoryCIOD

Built with by Innolitics, a team of medical imaging software developers.

Data synced with official DICOM standard on 18 April 2024. The DICOM Standard is under continuous maintenance, and the current official version is available at http://www.dicomstandard.org/current/. DICOM Parts 3, 4, and 6, © NEMA. Please note that the most recent PDF version of the standard is the official reference, and should checked when making technical decisions.

Image Position (Patient) Attribute

Tag(0020,0032)
TypeConditionally Required (1C)
KeywordImagePositionPatient
Value Multiplicity3
Value RepresentationDecimal String (DS)
Example Values
  • [-120.000000, 120.000000, 55.000000]
  • [-0.000, 265.000, 0.000]
  • [-99.954706070227, -120.68694639317, 70.8184676767

The x, y, and z coordinates of the upper left hand corner (center of the first voxel transmitted) of the frame, in mm. See Section C.7.6.2.1.1 and Section C.7.6.16.2.3.1 for further explanation.

Note

In the case of CT images with an Acquisition Type (0018,9302) of CONSTANT_ANGLE the image plane is defined to pass through the data collection center and be normal to the central ray of the diverging X-Ray beam.

Required if:

  • Frame Type (0008,9007) Value 1 of this frame is ORIGINAL and Volumetric Properties (0008,9206) of this frame is other than DISTORTED, or

  • SOP Class UID is Segmentation Storage ("1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.66.4") and Frame of Reference UID (0020,0052) is present, or

  • SOP Class UID is Ophthalmic Tomography Image Storage ("1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.5.4") and Ophthalmic Volumetric Properties Flag (0022,1622) is YES, or

  • SOP Class UID is Ophthalmic Optical Coherence Tomography B-scan Volume Analysis Storage ("1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.77.1.5.8").

May be present otherwise.

Note

Part of the Plane Position (Patient) Functional Group Macro with usage: C

Required if Derivation Image Functional Group (C.7.6.16.2.6) is not present and the Frame of Reference is defined in the patient-relative Reference Coordinate System. May be present otherwise if the Frame of Reference is defined in the patient-relative Reference Coordinate System. See Section A.51.5.1.

Section C.7.6.2.1.1

C.7.6.2.1.1 Image Position and Image Orientation

Image Position (Patient) (0020,0032) specifies the x, y, and z coordinates of the upper left hand corner of the image; it is the center of the first voxel transmitted. Image Orientation (Patient) (0020,0037) specifies the direction cosines of the first row and the first column with respect to the patient. These Attributes shall be provide as a pair. Row value for the x, y, and z axes respectively followed by the Column value for the x, y, and z axes respectively.

The direction of the axes is defined fully by the patient's orientation.

If Anatomical Orientation Type (0010,2210) is absent or has a value of BIPED, the x-axis is increasing to the left hand side of the patient. The y-axis is increasing to the posterior side of the patient. The z-axis is increasing toward the head of the patient.

If Anatomical Orientation Type (0010,2210) has a value of QUADRUPED, the

  • x-axis is increasing to the left (as opposed to right) side of the patient

  • the y-axis is increasing towards

    • the dorsal (as opposed to ventral) side of the patient for the neck, trunk and tail,

    • the dorsal (as opposed to ventral) side of the patient for the head,

    • the dorsal (as opposed to plantar or palmar) side of the distal limbs,

    • the cranial (as opposed caudal) side of the proximal limbs, and

  • the z-axis is increasing towards

    • the cranial (as opposed to caudal) end of the patient for the neck, trunk and tail,

    • the rostral (as opposed to caudal) end of the patient for the head, and

    • the proximal (as opposed to distal) end of the limbs

Note

  1. The axes for quadrupeds are those defined and illustrated in Smallwood et al for proper anatomic directional terms as they apply to various parts of the body.

  2. It should be anticipated that when quadrupeds are imaged on human equipment, and particularly when they are position in a manner different from the traditional human prone and supine head or feet first longitudinal position, then the equipment may well not indicate the correct orientation, though it will remain an orthogonal Cartesian right-handed system that could be corrected subsequently.

The Patient-Based Coordinate System is a right handed system, i.e., the vector cross product of a unit vector along the positive x-axis and a unit vector along the positive y-axis is equal to a unit vector along the positive z-axis.

Note

If a patient is positioned parallel to the ground, in dorsal recumbency (i.e., for humans, face-up on the table), with the caudo-cranial (i.e., for humans, feet-to-head) direction the same as the front-to-back direction of the imaging equipment, the direction of the axes of this Patient-Based Coordinate System and the Equipment-Based Coordinate System in previous versions of this Standard will coincide.

The Image Plane Attributes, in conjunction with the Pixel Spacing Attribute, describe the position and orientation of the image slices relative to the Patient-Based Coordinate System. In each image frame Image Position (Patient) (0020,0032) specifies the origin of the image with respect to the Patient-Based Coordinate System. RCS and Image Orientation (Patient) (0020,0037) values specify the orientation of the image frame rows and columns. The mapping of an integer (entire) pixel location (i,j) to the RCS is calculated as follows:

Equation C.7.6.2.1-1. 


Where:

  • Pxyz The coordinates of the voxel (i,j) in the frame's image plane in units of mm.

  • Sxyz The three values of Image Position (Patient) (0020,0032). It is the location in mm from the origin of the RCS.

  • Xxyz The values from the row (X) direction cosine of Image Orientation (Patient) (0020,0037).

  • Yxyz The values from the column (Y) direction cosine of Image Orientation (Patient) (0020,0037).

  • i Column integer index to the image plane. The first (entire) column is index zero.

  • Δi Column pixel resolution of Pixel Spacing (0028,0030) in units of mm.

  • j Row integer index to the image plane. The first (entire) row index is zero.

  • Δj Row pixel resolution of Pixel Spacing (0028,0030) in units of mm.

Note

The integer entire row and column indices (i,j) that are the input to this equation start from zero, which is a common mathematical convention. Many DICOM Attributes define such indices as starting from one, e.g., those affected by Bounding Box Annotation Units (0070,0003) for PIXEL and MATRIX in Section C.10.5 Graphic Annotation Module. This needs to be accounted for when applying this equation literally.

The mapping of a sub-pixel resolution image or total pixel matrix relative location (c,r), such as used in Spatial Coordinates Macro, to the RCS is calculated as follows

Equation C.7.6.2.1-2. 


Where:

  • Pxyz The coordinates of the voxel (c,r) in the frame's image plane in units of mm.

  • Sxyz The three values of Image Position (Patient) (0020,0032). It is the location in mm from the origin of the RCS.

  • Xxyz The values from the row (X) direction cosine of Image Orientation (Patient) (0020,0037).

  • Yxyz The values from the column (Y) direction cosine of Image Orientation (Patient) (0020,0037).

  • c Column sub-pixel resolution index to the image plane. The left pixel edge of the first column of the frame or total pixel matrix is index zero.

  • Δc Column pixel resolution of Pixel Spacing (0028,0030) in units of mm.

  • r Row sub-pixel resolution index to the image plane. The top pixel edge of the first row of the frame or total pixel matrix index is zero.

  • Δr Row pixel resolution of Pixel Spacing (0028,0030) in units of mm.

Additional constraints apply:

  1. The row and column direction cosine vectors shall be orthogonal, i.e., their dot product shall be zero.

  2. The row and column direction cosine vectors shall be normal, i.e., the dot product of each direction cosine vector with itself shall be unity.

Section C.7.6.16.2.3.1

C.7.6.16.2.3.1 Position and Orientation for SAMPLED Frames

In the case of Volumetric Properties (0008,9206) having a value of SAMPLED, Image Position (0020,0032), Image Orientation (0020,0037) and Slice Thickness (0018,0050) shall represent the volume from which the frame was derived based on the orientation of the sampling performed.

Note

For example in the case of MAX_IP:

The Image Orientation shall be the direction of the ray used for projection of the center of the plane.

The image position shall contain the x, y, and z coordinates of the intersection of the mid-plane of the sampled volume with the ray used to project the upper left hand corner of the frame.

The Slice Thickness shall contain the distance that the ray used for projection of the center of the plane traveled through the volume.